Beijing Subway rolling stock

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Most lines including Line 15 use the third rail to supply power.
A Line 2 DK16A train at the Beijing Railroad Station (2003).
A refurbished Line 2 DK16AG train at Jishuitan (2006).
A Line Batong SFX series train at Sihui (2006). The Batong Line was the first in the Beijing Subway to use rolling stock made by CSR Qingdao Sifang.
A Line 13 DKZ5 train at Xizhimen (2006).
A Line 1 DKZ4 train at Wangfujing (2006).
A Line 2 DKZ16 train (2011).

All Beijing Subway trains run on 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge rail and draw power from the 750 V DC third rail, except those on Lines 6, 11 14, 16, 17 and 19, which use 1,500 V DC overhead wires.[1] Lines 6, 15, Fangshan, and Changping lines have a designed maximum service speed of 100 km/h (62 mph).[2] The Airport Line is linear motor driven with a designed maximum service speed of 110 km/h (68 mph)[3][4] All other Lines have a maximum service speed of 80 km/h (50 mph). Currently, Lines 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 13, 15, Batong, Daxing, Changping, Fangshan, Yanfang, and Yizhuang lines use 6 car B size trains. Initially, the Batong line and Line 13 was originally used 4 car trains and now expanded into six.[5][6][7]

Type B Trains[edit]

The most common rolling stock of the Beijing Subway is the Type-B car, which has a carrying capacity of 245 passengers per car and top speed of 80 km/h (50 mph), drawing 750 V DC power from the third rail.[8] Most lines operate the six-car Type-B train set that can carry 1,460 passengers per train and transport 43,800 passengers per hour.[8] Lines 6 and 7 use eight-car Type-B train sets that can carry 1,960 passengers per train and 58,800 passengers per hour.[8] The Type-B trains sets of Lines 6 and 7 can draw 1,500 V DC power and can reach 100 km/h (62 mph). The Yanfang Line operates four-car Type-B train sets with ”driverless” automatic train operation.

Type A Trains[edit]

Type-A cars run on Lines 11, 14, 16, 17, 19 and under construction Lines 3 and 12. They are 3.1 meters longer, and 20 cm wider than Type-B cars with a designed capacity of 310 passengers per car and 10 sets of doors per train compared to 8 sets of doors per train on Type-B cars.[9][8] Type A cars draw 1,500 V DC power from overhead wire and can reach 100 km/h (62 mph). Line 14 uses six-car Type A train sets which can carry 1,860 passengers per train and allow for throughput of up to 55,800 passengers per hour per direction. Lines 16, 17 and 19 uses eight-car Type-A train sets which can carry 2,480 passengers per train and allow for throughput of up 74,400 passengers per hour per direction.[8]

Type L trains[edit]

The Capital Airport Express has its distinct 4-car linear motor train sets, powered by 750 V DC electricity via the third rail, and can reach a maximum speed of 110 km/h (68 mph).[10][11] The under construction Line 28 will also use L type trains but 6 cars long.

Type D Trains[edit]

The Daxing Airport Express uses Type-D train sets with top operational speed of 160 km/h (99 mph).[12][13] These trains are powered by 25 kV 50 Hz AC overhead wires. The eight-car train sets have seven passenger cars and one car to carry luggage.[13] The under construction Line 22 will also use eight-car Type-D trains.

Maglev[edit]

The S1 Line's maglev trains feature six-car train sets that run on 1,500 V DC power and can reach 100 km/h (62 mph).[14] Compared to subway trains that run on conventional track, the maglev train has a smaller minimum turning radius of 75 meters compared to 200 meters, can climb steeper slope of 53‰ versus 40‰ and emits less noise.[15] The six-car train set can carry 1,032 passengers.[15]

Light Rail Transit[edit]

The Xijiao LRT and Yizhuang Tram Line T1 operates five-car trams that draw 750 V DC from overhead lines and can reach 70 km/h (43 mph).

Manufacturers[edit]

From the subway's inception to 2003, all Beijing subway trains were manufactured by CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co. Ltd. All rolling stock on Lines 2, 5, 6,[16] 9, 10, 13, 15, Yizhuang line, Capital Airport Express and some of Line 1, 14, 16, and Yanfang line stocks[3][17][18] are produced by CNR Changchun.[19] However, CSR Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd. has recently produced rolling stock for the Beijing subway. CSR Sifang produced all the trains for Lines 4,[20][21] 8, Daxing,[21] Changping,[22] Daxing Airport Express and some of Line 1,[23] 14,[17][24][25] 16, and Yanfang line.

The Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment Co. Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Beijing Mass Transit Railway Operation Corp., provides local assemblage, maintenance and repair services. It has also made trains for line 7, Batong, and Fangshan lines.

History[edit]

First Generation[edit]

In the 1960s to mid-1970s, the Beijing Subway used DK2 and DK3 models made in Changchun. The DK stands for diandong keche or electrically-operated passenger car.[26] These models and their derivatives, the DK3G, DK20, DK16A, BD1 and BD2 are classified by the Beijing Subway as the first generation.[27] In recent decades, the Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment Co. refurbished the DK16A and DK20 models, which remained in use well into the first decade of the 21st century.[28] The refurbished DK16AG trains entered into service on Line 2 in 2005.[29]

Pyongyang Metro DK4 cars[edit]

During the opening of Line 13 some ex-Pyongyang Metro Changchun DK4 cars were used until the new order of cars replaced them.

Second Generation[edit]

From the 1980 to the early 1990s, the subway introduced several new models including the DK6, DK9 and their derivatives the DK11, DK16 and GTO.[30] The M-series trains that appeared on Lines 2 and 13 were made by Japan's Tokyu Car Corporation.[31][32][33]

Third Generation[edit]

In 1998, the subway began deploying a new generation of train sets that featured variable voltage variable frequency (VVVF) control mechanisms. These models include the DKZ4, DKZ5, and the DKZ6.[34] DKZ stands for diandong keche zu or electric passenger train sets.[26] CNR Changchun also made 174 DK28-DK31 metro cars, which uses VVVF inverters and AC motors for Line 1,[35] and 136 DK32-34 trains for Line 13.[36] In 2005, the Batong line began using SFX01 and SFX02 trains made by CSR Qingdao Sifang.[26] The 40 trains of the Airport Express were made by a joint-venture between CRRC Changchun and Bombardier Transportation, and uses Bombardier's Innovia Advanced Rapid Transit (ART) 200 technology.[33][37]

Fourth Generation[edit]

Since 2017, trains have been ordered with capabilities for unattended automatic train operation. Starting with the DKZ70 and SFM16 trains on the Yanfang Line. Since then trains on the Daxing Airport Express, Lines 11, 17 and 19 operate or are capable of operating in GoA4 unattended train operation mode.

Current Fleet[edit]

Model Image Type Manufacturer Year Built Amount in Service Fleet Numbers Line(s) Served Depot Notes
DKZ4 6B CNR Changchun 1998 31 S401–S431  1  Sihui Refurbished 2007
DKZ5 6B CNR Changchun
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 		2002 55 H401
H403–H456 		 13  Huilongguan Refurbished 2015–2018
DKZ6 6B CNR Changchun 1 H402 Refurbished 2015
SFM01 6B CSR Qingdao Sifang
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 		2003 19 TQ401–TQ408
TQ414–TQ424 		 Batong  Tuqiao Refurbished 2015–2019
SFM02 6B CSR Qingdao Sifang 5 TQ409–TQ413
DKZ13 6B CNR Changchun
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 		2006 61 TP401–TP461  5  Taipingzhuang
Songjiazhuang 		Currently being refurbished[38]
DKZ16 6B CNR Changchun
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 		50 T401–T450  2  Taipinghu
SFM04 6B CSR Qingdao Sifang 39 G432–G470  1  Gucheng
DKZ15 6B CNR Changchun
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment
CNR Dalian 		2007 43 W401–W443  10  Wanliu
Wulu
QKZ5 4LB CNR/CRRC Changchun
Bombardier 		10 L1 101–L1 110  Capital Airport  Tianzhu Based on the INNOVIA ART 200
SFM05 6B CSR Qingdao Sifang 2008
2010 		73 001–053
061–093 		 4   Daxing  Longbeicun
Majiapu
Nanzhaolu
SFM07 6B CSR Qingdao Sifang
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 		2008[39] 6 TQ425–TQ430  Batong  Tuqiao Refurbished 2016–2019
BJD01BDK03 6B CNR Changchun
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 		2009
2019–2020 		44 FS001–FS021

FS022–FS044

 Fangshan  Yancun
SFM13 6B CSR/CRRC Qingdao Sifang 2009
2019 		32 CP001–CP032  Changping  Dingsi Road
Ming Tombs
DKZ31 6B CNR Changchun 2010 28 15 001–15 028  15  Maquanying
Fengbo
DKZ32 6B CNR Changchun 23 YZ001–YZ023  Yizhuang  Songjiazhuang
Taihu
SFM12SFM42 6B CSR/CRRC Qingdao Sifang
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 		40 08 001–08 040  8  Pingxifu
Yinghai
DKZ33BDK05 6B CNR/CRRC Changchun
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 		2011
2019 		37 09 001–09 037  9  Guogongzhuang
DKZ34 6B CNR Changchun
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment
CNR Dalian 		2011 41 10 044–10 084  10  Wanliu
Wulu
DKZ47 8B CNR/CRRC Changchun 2011
2013
2018 		99 06 001–06 099  6  Wulu
Wuliqiao
Dongxiaoying
DKZ53 6A CNR Changchun 2012 38 201–238  14  Maquanying
Zhangyicun
SFM18 6A CSR Qingdao Sifang 25 239–263  14 
BDK01BDK04 8B Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 2013 68 07 001–07 068  7  Jiaohuachang
Zhangjiawan
DKZ46 6B CNR Changchun
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment
CNR Dalian 		32 10 085–10 116  10  Wanliu
Wulu
DKZ76 4B CRRC Changchun 2014-2016 15 YF001–YF015  Yanfang  Yancun North
DKZ93SFM40 8A CRRC ChangchunCSR Qingdao Sifang 2016-2019 63 301–364  16  Beianhe
SFM16 4B CRRC Qingdao Sifang 2016 1 YF016  Yanfang  Yancun North
SFM40 8A CRRC Qingdao Sifang 2016– 29 336–364  16  Beianhe
SFM42 6B CRRC Qingdao Sifang
Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 		2019 72 08 041–08 112  8  Pingxifu
Yinghai
BDK06 6B Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 2019– 12 TQ431–TQ437

01108-01112

 Batong  Tuqiao

Sihui

Cinova-160 8D, 4D CRRC Qingdao Sifang 2019 (8 Car Train),
2020 (4 Car Train) 		16 JC001–JC008,
JC010–JC013 (8 Car Train),
JC401–JC404 (4 Car Train) 		 Daxing Airport  Cigezhuang

New Airport North

CJ3 City Type 8D CRRC Changchun 2019 1 JC009
SFM79CCD5035 8A CRRC Qingdao SifangCRRC Changchun 2019– 35 501–518, 539–555  17 
SFM80CCD5034 8A CRRC Qingdao SifangCRRC Changchun 2019– 25 19 001–19 025  19 
ZBM04 4A Beijing Subway Rolling Stock Equipment 2020 5 11 001–11 005  11 
CCD3004 4LB CRRC Changchun 2021 5 L1 111–L1 115  Capital Airport  Tianzhu Based on the INNOVIA ART 200

References[edit]

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External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Beijing Subway rolling stock.
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